Content Based V Content Neutral Speech How Occupational...

Content Based v. Content Neutral Speech: How Occupational Licensing Threatens First Amendment Protections Introduction Since the 1950’s, occupational licensing has grown from 73 occupations to thousands of occupations being licensed. In fact, 28% of American jobs require a license in order to practice a profession. Occupational licensing is a method of economic regulation whereby the government controls the entry and supply of participants in a given profession. Occupational licensing can be seen as restricting a form of speech, especially in professions that are completely composed of speech, such as tour guides. There are different levels of speech and not all speech is protected equally, however, even if speech is not protected under the strictest of scrutiny, it is still protected none the less. Many professions have boards that require licensing for practicing the profession. These boards will bring suit to those they believe are practicing the profession without licenses and this practice can often go too far to infringing on the freedom of speech. This comment addresses occupational licensing laws and discusses when the licensing law goes too far. Regarding the most prominent cases on this issue, Kagan v. City of New Orleans and Edwards v. District of Columbia, this comment discusses the importance of narrowly tailored regulation laws in order to protect citizens from speech prohibition. Part I will analyze how occupational licenses can infringe on the freedom ofShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagescustomer service please, call 1-800-CALL WILEY (225-5945). DeCenzo, David A, Robbins, Stephen P. Fundamentals of Human Resource Management—10th ed. ISBN-13 978-0470-16968-1 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Brief Contents PA RT 1 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 UNDERSTANDING HRM The Dynamic Environment of HRM 2 Fundamentals of Strategic HRM 28 PART 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONTEXT OF HRM Equal Employment Opportunity 56 Employee Rights and DisciplineRead MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 Pagesorganization’s needs to the skills and abilities of its employees. Human Resource Management is responsible for how people are managed in the organizations. It is responsible for bringing people in organization helping them perform their work, compensating them for their work and solving problems that arise. Growing Importance of HRM The success of organizations increasingly depends on people-embodied know-how- the knowledge, skill, Copyright  © Virtual University of Pakistan 2 Human Resource ManagementRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesregularly to discuss work goals, track their performance against established measures, and discuss problems and issues. Employee turnover is also extremely low in most areas. Transitions in HR management are also paying off in the Bank of Montreal, based in Montreal, Quebec. Emphasizing human resources has involved 35,000 employees in organizational success. This recognition meant focusing greater attention on the talents of diverse employees working at the bank. Specific efforts were made to expandRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagescm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and IndividualRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesPress in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Oxford University Press 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permittedRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages978–1–59158–408–7 978–1–59158–406–3 (pbk.) First published in 2007 Libraries Unlimited, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 A Member of the Greenwood Pu blishing Group, Inc. www.lu.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To our grandchildren Annika, Jacob, Katherine, Madison, Magnus, and Molly Contents Illustrations . . . . . 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Bullfighting in the Sun Also Rises - 889 Words

Jonathan Rowe Essay 1: The Sun Also Rises English 42 Doctor Speirs 3/28/2010 No Bull in Bullfighting In The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway writes â€Å"nobody ever lives their life all the way up except bull-fighters† (100). Spoken by Jake, this line exemplifies the importance that bullfighting plays in the novel. Its not only portrayed as a sport, but rather as a complex, mathematical art in the form of a dance between the bull and fighter. The matador scene in chapter 18 is perhaps one of the richest in the novel due to its use of symbols. The choreography between Romero and the bull is reflective not only of the characterization of Brett and Jake, but of the relationship between Brett, her masculinity, and her†¦show more content†¦He was once a great fighter, but now refuses to subscribe to the new â€Å"decadent† (215) bullfighting style. His fighting style represents Cohn in the sense that they both had their shining moment—Cohns brief relationship with Brett, and Belmontes glory days of bullfighting: which theyre still trying to win back. Belmonte stands apart from the other fighters because he adheres to an traditional form of fighting. Similarly, Cohn is the only character with no involvement in the war, he preserves a sort of innocence and value system that disappeared with the â€Å"lost generation.† He tries to preserve the idea that sex equals intimacy and love, and throughout the novel his clumsy attempts to win back Brett are reflective of his refusal to understand that his brief relationship with Brett was simply a series of sexual encounters, nothing more. In conclusion, part of what makes Hemingways style so unique is that he simply shows, without much telling. The matador scene in chapter 18 is rich because it provides penetrating insight with its symbolism; Lady Brett with her elusive nature with men is captured through Romeros matador technique. The fact that Romero penetrates the bull with his sword accentuates the inherent masculinity that Brett displays—a sort of role reversal. Ch apter 18 also highlights the character of Cohn, and his role as a foil and its parallels to Belmontes traditionalShow MoreRelatedThemes In Ernest Hemingways The Sun Also Rises877 Words   |  4 Pages In ‘The Sun Also Rises,’ friendships are tested, romance is running high, and people reveal their true colors. There is a lot of drama that seems to unfold throughout the novel. The organization of the novel makes the drama seem more drastic. ‘The Sun Also Rises’ doesnt seem to have an effect on today’s generation, or how we view society. This novel had many bumps and curves as it goes, but it was a pleasure to read. For me, this novel was very hard to follow. I couldnt seem to make senseRead More Critiques of Ernest Hemingways Novel, Death in the Afternoon1434 Words   |  6 Pagesnonfiction description of bullfighting and Spanish culture in the 1920s and 1930s. In Curtis Pattersons words, It is a tripartite work: bullfighting in Spain, plus semi-autobiographical details of the author, plus smut. The smut is lugged in by the ears, is unnecessary, is not amusing. The semi-autobiographical details make me faintly sick at my stomach. The explanation of, guide book to, apology for bull-fighting is absorbingly interesting.1 This books focus on bullfighting is a complete transformationRead MoreThe Color Purple Chapter 11267 Words   |  6 Pagesfor the purpose of vampires and ghosts and how they do not just give the readers a scare. Vampires can be about sex and exploitation, while ghosts can be a messenger warning, or mental illness. While these monsters are vampire and ghosts, they ca n also be shown as human beings. As a kid, Celie gets continuously raped by her stepfather, which strips her of her innocence. Celie is later forced to marry Albert, an abusive man, who rapes and assaults her, stripping away her independence and confidenceRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises Modernism Analysis1507 Words   |  7 Pagesplace in which their characters struggle alone with unrealistic and futile dreams. With this in mind, The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway is a novel that details the story of Jacob Barnes and his circle of friends. Most of the friends, including Jake, are World War I veterans who have been harshly afflicted by their experiences in the war and heavily indulge in everything from booze to bullfighting, or, in the special case of Robert Cohn, are flawed despite not being in the war. Through the strugglesRead MoreJake Barnes As A Hemingway Code Hero1229 Words   |  5 Pagesin The Sun Also Rises Ernest Hemingway developed the Hemingway code hero after World War I as a representation of those who suffered after the brutality of war. Featured in many of Hemingway’s novels, the Hemingway Code Hero adheres to an unwritten, tacit set of self-established values and guidelines throughout all venues of life. He is a man characterized with a severe amount of drinking, enjoys an unusual sport, and an extravagant. In Ernest Hemingway’s fiction novel The Sun Also Rises, Jake BarnesRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises By Ernest Hemingway1169 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sun Also Rises, written by Ernest Hemingway, is a novel about a group of young expatriates, living in Paris after World War I and going on a trip to Spain filled with drinking, bullfighting, and much more. The protagonist, Jake Barnes, an impotent American WWI veteran and bullfighting aficionado, spends much of his time watching and sometimes helping Brett, the woman he loves, go off with other men. Most of the book ta kes place in urban areas like Paris and Pamplona is filled with drunken fightsRead MoreExamples Of Masculinity In The Sun Also Rises By Ernest Hemingway1204 Words   |  5 Pageswhen he wrote The Sun Also Rises. Ernest Hemingway was an amazing writer and he was one of the people who believed that guys should be masculine and girls should be feminine. His novel The Sun Also rises is a good example of this. In The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway shows us what he thought the definition of masculinity was by having his characters show us the many things that would make you masculine in his eyes, such as being in a war, getting really drunk, and bullfighting. This was his wayRead MoreHemingway: Ernest Hemingway was one of America’s best authors. He started out writing many1100 Words   |  5 PagesHadley decided to move to Europe and travel for a little while. While in Paris, Hemingway met many authors and artists. While travelling, he wrote articles for different newspapers and began some of his short stories and novels, including The Sun Also Rises. However, his devotion to writing led to Hadley and his divorce in 1927. However, Hemingway was not affected by this divorce because he had met who would soon be his next wife, Pauline Pfeiffer. Hemingway and Pauline left Europe in 1928 to moveRead MoreEssay on The True Heroes in Hemingways The Sun Also Rises 1300 Words   |  6 PagesThe True Heroes in Hemingways The Sun Also Rises   Ã‚   The imagery of bulls and steers pervades Hemmingways novel, The Sun Also Rises. Bullfighting is a major plot concern and is very important to the characters. The narrator physically resembles a steer due to the nature of his injury. Mike identifies Cohn as a steer in conversation because of his inability to control Brett sexually. Brett falls for a bullfighter, who is a symbol of virility and passion. However, there is a deeper level toRead MorePersonal Values In Ernest Hemingways The Sun Also Rises1051 Words   |  5 Pagesportrays in his novel The Sun Also Rises. Through the meetings and happenings of the character Montoya, Hemingway illustrates the importance of personal values to individuals, and how these values shape opinions and interactions within society. Through Montoya, Hemingway paints the perfect picture of a man who holds steadfast to his beliefs, relying on them to create a concrete foundation for his life. The majority of Montoya’s chief values can be traced to his love of bullfighting, the sport which rules

Oxford and tourism Free Essays

Oxford is a small city located in the south East of England with a population of 135 000 people. It is the home to the oldest English university, Oxford University. This is made up by 40 colleges that house 30 000 students. We will write a custom essay sample on Oxford and tourism or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, five park and rides run to the city centre. These are situated at pear tree, Water Eaton, Thornhill, Redbridge and Seacourt. Oxford’s main source of income is in the tourist industry. Oxford is an all year round tourist attraction with over 2 million tourists visiting each year. There are a number of tourist attractions many belonging to the university and colleges. Bodleian library and the Radcliffe camera. In addition, oxford contains many museums and gallerias for instance Britain’s oldest museum the Ashmolean and the museum of modern art. Lastly, tourists can enjoy punting on the river Thames that is called the river Isis in Oxford. The definition of a tourist is â€Å"A traveller who visits places, for more than one day, for pleasure, work or visiting friends or family†. However, this can cause many disadvantages to the local residents. A disadvantage means something that makes a situation worse, This could be stuff such as crowding and crime. Nevertheless, tourism may bring benefits to the local community. The definition for benefit is â€Å"something that has a good effect†, This could be stuff such as jobs and money. The purpose of the investigation is: â€Å"Does tourism bring more benefits or disadvantages to Oxford?† To answer the question I will look at three main areas. The social benefits are: Tourism provides many job opportunities such as jobs in hotels and city tours. The disadvantage is, these types of jobs are low paid and provide few career opportunities. Tourism has given Oxford world-renowned fame and as a result, Oxford has been used as a location in many films including: three of the Harry Potters and The Oxford Murders. However, this has meant streets and buildings have to close down during filming. The second area that I will look at is the economic industry. The benefit is tourists spend a lot of money. Nevertheless, locals believe there are too many tourist shops for instance Covered Market is targeted at tourists. I know this because there have been complainants to the local council. The effect of this is increased tension between tourists and residents. The third area that I will look at is the environment. The environmental advantage is the city council gets a lot of parking revenue to subsidise the transport industry, but the buses and tourist coaches create a lot of pollution. I will investigate other social, economic and environmental issues to answer the research question: â€Å"Does tourism bring more benefits or disadvantages to oxford?† This is the list of things I did on the field trip and the order I did them in to answer the research questions was: 1. Residents answered questionnaires 2. Tourists answered questionnaires 3. Did a bi-polar pedestrian count 4. Did a pedestrian density survey 5. Collected oxford city tourism leaflets P.B. Graphs Graph 1: How long have you lived in Oxford? This graph shows me that 80% of the residents that completed the questionnaire have lived in Oxford for more than five years. This implies that I will have more trust in the data because the residents have experience with tourists; therefore, I can rely on this data. In addition, it shows that 16% have lived in Oxford for 2-5 years and 4% have lived less than a year. This data is not as reliable as the residents who have lived for over five years but it may be useful to have a fresher opinion. Graph 2: How often do you come into Oxford city centre? Graph 2 shows me how often people go into the city centre. This question was asked so we can have more trust in the data because the investigation is predominately set in the city centre. It states that 33% of the residents interviewed go into town at least once a week. This implies they will have even greater experience with tourists of which 12% go everyday. Therefore, we can trust the data even more. However, it also shows 32% only go into town every two weeks. Further more 35% go less often than two weeks. This means the residents interviewed would have had few encounters with tourists. This suggests 67% have little experience with tourist. Therefore, I must be careful when writing my evaluation and conclusion. Graph 3: At which time of the year do you think there are more tourists? * Winter * Spring *Summer *Autumn * Always busy This graph shows at what time tourism is at is peak according to the residents surveyed. Firstly only 12 residents thought tourism was at is peak in the spring autumn and winter months. 51% reckon tourism is at is peak during summer. However, 37% feel tourism is high all year round. This could be because Oxford does not rely on seasons like a seaside town for tourism; Oxford is an all year tourist attraction. Graph 4: Have you ever experienced problems with tourists? This question was asked to see if tourists cause any trouble to local residents. The graph shows only 7% of residents have experienced problems with tourists. However, six of the seven people who had problems with tourists were whilst they were at work. Further more 81% of the residents that were interviewed have never encountered problems with tourists. This suggests tourists are well behaved and respect the local community. In addition, tourism does not create any social disadvantages for residents. Graph 5: Do you come into direct contact with tourists? IE at work This question was asked to see how many people come into contact with tourists so they may have better and more accurate answers to the questions. However, only eight people come into direct contact with tourists. However, as graph 1 shows 80% of the residents interviewed have lived in Oxford for five years or more, this balances out the lack of regular contact or direct with tourists. Graph 6: What do you think are the benefits of tourism in Oxford? This is one of the most important questions because it directly answers part of the research question. The graph shows that 66% of the residents asked believe that the biggest benefit is the money brought in by tourists. This suggests tourists are improving the economy of Oxford because they are spending their money in Oxford. However work is only 19%. This could mean very few jobs are being created by tourism. This could be because the only jobs that involve tourists are a city tour jobs or shop work. In addition only 15% reckon reputation of Oxford is increasing therefore the city may stop appealing to tourists. Graph 7: What do you think are the disadvantages of tourism in Oxford? This shows me that residents believe tourists cause a variety of problems. The biggest problem residents belie is road congestion. This is a state of overcrowding in a street or on the road, making movement slow or difficult. The second biggest is litter with 29%. This suggests residents think tourists are making Oxford dirty by throwing waste packaging. Thirdly noise pollution with 22%. This usually happens when their is a group of tourists talking. Lastly 14% of residents believe pollution is big problem. This could be due extra buses needed and tourist coaches. However only 2% thought crime was occurred so this implies tourists do not behave badly or cause problem to the community. Graph 8: Do you think there is enough for tourists to do in Oxford? This graph shows whether residents believe tourists have enough to do in Oxford. It shows that 77 people believe there is plenty for tourists to do in Oxford. However 23 people do not believe there is enough for tourists to do. This could be because they don’t go to the city centre regularly or it is there general opinion. Graph 9: Do you think the number of tourists is†¦? This graph shows that many people have a negative attitude to tourism because 62% believe their are too many tourists. In contrast only 4% think the amount of tourists is to few. Further more 34% reckon the number of tourists is just about right. But with the likely hood of an increases in tourists their view will be quickly changed too. This implies the residents would like tourist sizes to decrease. Graph 10: Do you think tourism contributes to city centre pollution? This graph shows whether residents believe tourism causes city centre pollution. This graph shows that 89% of the residents interviewed believe tourism does contribute to city centre pollution. This pollution could be fumes from tourist coaches and buses or litter and noise pollution. How to cite Oxford and tourism, Papers

Four Little Girls free essay sample

Documentary Film Analysis Worksheet For History 221 and History 222 Professor Tondeur Instructions: †¢ You will find the list of films you can choose from in the Lesson section of the course. †¢ Go to the list and pick your film. You must view the entire film. If you can’t access films because of deployment, geographic location, or other reasons, please let your instructor know so they can give you an alternate assignment. †¢ You must answer in complete sentences, using a short answer/paragraph format. Cut and paste your answers into the Student Submission box for Assignment #2 and submit it as a Word document. 1. What is the title of the film you picked? 2. Why did you pick this film over the others offered? 3. What is/are the central message(s) of this documentary/fictional film? Be specific. Use examples from the film to support your choice. 4. Consider the effectiveness of the film for this history class. We will write a custom essay sample on Four Little Girls or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What are its strengths and weaknesses of this film in documenting history? . How do you think the filmmakers want the audience to respond? Is there a social justice message? If so, what is it? 6. Did the documentary leave you with any unanswered questions? If so, what were they? 7. How did this film change any misconceptions or stereotypes you had about the subject matter? If so, what were they? 8. What is the most important thing you learned from watching the film? 9. Why is this film important to understanding contemporary African American History?